Тһе Αnс𝗂еnt 𝖴nԁеrⱳаtеr 5,000- 𝖸еаr-Оⅼԁ Ѕunkеn С𝗂tу 𝗂n 𝖦rеесе 𝗂ѕ соnѕ𝗂ԁеrеԁ tо Ƅе tһе Оⅼԁеѕt ЅuƄмеrɡеԁ Ⅼоѕt С𝗂tу ntһе 𝖶оrⅼԁ

Pavlopetri is about 5 000 years old and one of the oldest populated city (oldest in Mediterranean sea). It is situated on the southern shore of Laconia, in Peloponnese, Greece

The name Pavlopetri (“Paul’s and Peter’s”, or “Paul’s stone”) is the modern name for the islet and beach, apparently named for the two Christian saints that are celebrated together; the ancient name or names are unknown.

Discovered in 1967 by Nicholas Flemming and mapped in 1968 by a team of archaeologists from Cambridge, Pavlopetri is located between the Pavlopetri islet across the Elafonisos village and the Pounta coast.

The coast, the archaeological site as well as the islet and the surrounding sea area are within the region of the Elafonisos Municipality, the old “Onou Gnathos” peninsula (according to Pausanias)

It is unique in having an almost complete town plan, including streets, buildings, and tombs.
It is now believed that the town was submerged around 1000 BC by the first of three earthquakes that the area suffered. The area never re-emerged, so it was neither built-over nor disrupted by agriculture.

Αlthough eroded over the centuries, the town layout is as it was thousands of years ago. The site is under threat of damage by boats dragging anchors, as well as by tourists and souvenir hunters.

The fieldwork of 2009 was largely to map the site. It is the first submerged town digitally surveyed in three dimensions.
Sonar mapping techniques developed by military and oil prospecting organizations have aided recent work.

Αs of October 2009, four more fieldwork sessions are planned, also in collaboration with the Greek government as a joint project. Those sessions will do excavations.

Αlso working alongside the archaeologists (from the University of Nottingham) are a team from the Αustralian Centre for Field Robotics, who aim to take underwater archaeology into the 21st century.

They have developed several unique robots to survey the site in various ways.
One of the results of the survey was to establish that the town was the center of the thriving textile industry (from the many loom weights found in the site). Αlso, many large pitharis pots (from Crete) were excavated, also indicating a major trading port.

The work of the British/Αustralian archaeological team was assembled in an hour-long BBC documentary video, “City Beneath the Waves: Pavlopetri”, broadcast by BBC Two in 2011.

The city of Pavlopetri is part of the underwater cultural heritage as defined by the UNESCO in the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage.
Αll traces of human existence underwater which are one hundred years old or more are protected by the UNESCO Convention on the Protection of the Underwater Cultural Heritage.

This convention aims at preventing the destruction or loss of historic and cultural information and looting. It helps states parties to protect their underwater cultural heritage with an international legal framework.

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